Marginal disutility The extra disutility resulting from a small change in some variable. 边际负效用指由于某些变量的微小变动而导致的额外负效用。
Contingent valuation is based on surveys of the “disutility” of death at different ages. 条件价值评估是基于不同年龄段的“负效用”死亡的数项调查。
Under the extended family-life-cycle model, marginal disutility of work and pension system decide the effect of pension on spouses retirement. 在本文建立的模型中，年金制度对夫妻退休行为的影响决定于年金给付方式与工作的边际负效用。
Conclusion:Less disutility and better effect can be gained by using the method than by using others about micro-invasive neurosurgery. 结论:这种开颅方法创伤较小,可适用微创外科手术。
Regional disparity may result in disutility in the family, area development, and even social stability, which contradicts the construction of harmonious society. 地区差异将导致家庭负效应、区域发展负效应、社会稳定的负效应。而这些社会负效应是不利于和谐社会的构建的。
Introducing pollution with disutility to utility function in a stochastic economic growth rate and pollution level by using stochastic optimization method. 摘要在一个具有随机污染消除技术的随机增长模型中，把带来负效用的污染引入效用函数。
